1. (2023·越秀模拟) 阅读理解

Scientists have shown that humans appear to have an ability to understand the signs of apes.

As we all know, humans use words to talk to each other. But we also point, nod, and use our hands to show what we mean. We've been doing this for tens of thousands of years.

Apes have their own system of gestures to show what they mean. Chimpanzees and bonobos （ 倭黑猩猩） are two kinds of apes that are the closest to humans. They use about 80 different gestures to show what they mean. For example, a gesture the researchers call "big loud scratch" means "help pick insects off me".

Scientists have learned the meanings of these gestures by studying chimpanzees and bonobos for years. Besides, scientists have studied how apes use gestures. But no one had studied whether humans could understand the gestures of apes.

Researchers Kirsty Graham and Catherine Hobaiter at the University of St. Andrews decided to test this idea. They wanted to see if humans with no training or experience could understand the gestures of chimpanzees and bonobos. The researchers created a game for people to play online. The game was simple. People watched short videos of apes making a gesture. Then they had to choose the correct meaning of the gesture out of four possible answers. Thousands of people played the game.

The researchers were surprised to find that people were able to choose the correct meaning of the gestures over 50% of the time. For some of the gestures, people were able to choose the correct meaning about 80% of the time. The scientists believe that humans may have a natural ability to understand the gestures of apes. But it's not clear why.

Humans and other apes all developed from an earlier kind of ape that lived long

ago. One possibility is that the body language of these gestures has been passed down from this shared ancestor （ 祖先）. Another possibility is that the gestures are a natural result of humans and apes sharing similar body shapes and needing to communicate similar ideas. It's also possible that the gestures simply look like the actions they are requesting.

The researchers say that they need to study how humans are able to understand the gestures of apes. They're also curious about how humans understand other animals, like dogs.

1. （1） How does the writer develop Paragraph 3?

   A .     By telling a story. B .     By giving an example. C .     By giving a suggestion. D .     By expressing an opinion.
3. （2） Why did Kirsty Graham and Catherine Hobaiter decide to test their idea?

   A .     They were required to find out the truth. B .     They wanted to prove that chimpanzees are human ancestors. C .     They wondered if humans had the natural ability to understand the gestures of apes. D .     They wanted to create an interesting game about chimpanzees for people to play online.
5. （3） Which of the following phrases "pass down" has the same meaning as the underlined one in the passage?

   A .     Pass down the bus and make room for more passengers. B .     The tradition has been passed down for hundreds of years. C .     Why did he keep passing down the ball back to the goal keeper? D .     His orders were passed down from the small group to the other workers.
7. （4） According to the passage, what will the researchers probably do next?

   A .     Begin to study dogs. B .     Encourage people to do research on apes. C .     Create more games for people to play online. D .     Study how humans can understand the gestures of apes.