一、选择题:本题共<strong><span>10</span></strong><strong><span>小题,共</span></strong><strong><span>46</span></strong><strong><span>分。在每小题给出的四个选项中,第</span></strong><strong><span>1~7</span></strong><strong><span>题只有一项符合题目要求,每个小题</span></strong><strong><span>4</span></strong><strong><span>分;第</span></strong><strong><span>8~10</span></strong><strong><span>题有多项符合题目要求,全部选对的得</span></strong><strong><span>6</span></strong><strong><span>分,选对但不全的得</span></strong><strong><span>3</span></strong><strong><span>分,有错选或不答的得</span></strong><strong><span>0</span></strong><strong><span>分。</span></strong>
-
1.
下列说法正确的是( )
A . 米、牛顿、秒都是国际单位制中的基本单位
B . 矢量既有大小又有方向,如速度、速度变化量和加速度等都是矢量
C . 物理学家为了方便研究物体的运动规律而引入质点概念,这里用到的物理思想方法是等效替代法
D . 伽利略的理想斜面实验得出的结论是必须有力作用在物体上物体才能运动,撤去外力物体就会停下来
-
2.
(2020高一上·北京月考)
关于时间、时刻,下列说法正确的是( )
①3s内与第3s内所指的时间是相同的
②3s末与第3s末所指的时刻是相同的
③手表上指针指的某一位置表示时间
A . ①③都正确
B . ②③都正确
C . 只有②正确
D . ①②③都正确
-
3.
为检测某新能源动力车的刹车性能,现在平直公路上做刹车实验,如图所示是动力车整个刹车过程中位移与速度平方之间的关系图像,下列说法正确的是( )
![](//tikupic.21cnjy.com/2024/03/05/e3/9b/e39b5c7422ba3c33219311c1de0b1154_333x186.png)
A . 动力车的初速度为20m/s
B . 刹车过程动力车的加速度大小为10m/s2
C . 刹车过程持续的时间为10s
D . 从开始刹车时计时,经过6s,动力车的位移为30m
-
-
5.
在日常生活及各项体育运动中,有弹力出现的情况比较普遍,如图所示的情况就是一个实例。当跳水运动员踩压跳板使跳板弯曲到最低点时,下列说法正确的是( )
![](//tikupic.21cnjy.com/2024/03/05/77/e9/77e915d8fc94bc1a62270703f634ad71_244x220.png)
A . 跳板发生形变,运动员的脚没有发生形变
B . 运动员受到的支持力,是运动员的脚发生形变而产生的
C . 此时跳板对运动员的支持力和运动员的重力等大
D . 运动员受到的支持力,是跳板发生形变而产生的
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6.
将质量分别为
ma、
mb的两只刚性小球
a、
b依次放入一个竖直、平底的圆筒内,如图所示。已知球
a比球
b球大,若不计一切摩擦,则以下说法正确的是( )
![](//tikupic.21cnjy.com/2024/03/05/5a/43/5a43c5651fc52d531f786c5e18ecb8a9_132x198.png)
A . 筒壁对球a的弹力比筒壁对球b的弹力大
B . 筒壁对球a的弹力比筒壁对球b的弹力小
C . 筒底对球a
弹力与球a的重力一样大
D . 球a对球b的弹力比球b受到的重力大
-
7.
如图所示,某同学对着墙壁练习打乒乓球,某次球与墙壁上
A点碰撞后水平弹离,恰好垂直落在球拍上的
B点,已知球拍与水平方向夹角
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmtext%3E%CE%B8%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E4%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E5%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmo%3E%C2%B0%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E++%EF%BC%8C+%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmi%3EA%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmi%3EB%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
两点竖直高度差
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3Eh%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3Em%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
, 重力加速度
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3Eg%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3Em%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmn%3E%2F%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmsup%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmtext%3Es%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsup%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
, 忽略空气阻力,则球在
A点反弹时速度
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3Ev%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
大小为( )
![](//tikupic.21cnjy.com/2024/03/05/e0/e6/e0e6a45987dff4f7a2b968e22d5d424e_288x197.png)
-
-
9.
如图所示,光滑水平地面上放有截面为
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmfrac%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E4%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmfrac%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
圆周的柱状物体
A , A与墙面之间放一光滑的圆柱形物体
B , 对
A施加一水平向左的力
F , 整个装置保持静止。若将
A的位置向左移动稍许,整个装置仍保持平衡,则( )
![](//tikupic.21cnjy.com/2024/03/05/91/bb/91bb781639b58deb76d8f83393d3c063_174x117.png)
A . 水平外力F不变
B . B对A的作用力减小
C . 地面对A的支持力不变
D . 墙对B的作用力增大
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二、非选择题(本题共<strong><span>5</span></strong><strong><span>小题,共</span></strong><strong><span>54</span></strong><strong><span>分)</span></strong>
-
11.
用如图所示装置做“探究两个互成角度的力的合成规律”的实验
-
(1)
本实验采用的科学方法是____
A . 理想实验法
B . 等效替代法
C . 控制变量法
D . 建立物理模型法
-
(2)
本实验中,采取下列哪些方法或步骤可以减小实验误差___
A . 两个分力
间的夹角越小越好
B . 两个分力
的大小必须相等
C . 拉橡皮筋的细绳要稍短一些
D . 实验中,弹簧秤必须与木板平行,读数时视线要正对弹簧秤刻度
-
(3)
根据该实验得出的结论,互成
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmn%3E9%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmo%3E%C2%B0%3C%2Fmo%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
角、大小分别为
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmtext%3E3%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmtext%3EN%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
和
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmtext%3E4%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmtext%3EN%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
的两个力的合力大小是____。
-
12.
某学习小组利用如图甲所示的实验装置来探究加速度与力、质量的关系。图中带滑轮的长木板放置于水平桌面上,拉力传感器与滑轮之间的轻绳始终与长木板平行,拉力传感器可直接显示绳上的拉力大小,打点计时器所接电源的频率为
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmtext%3E5%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmtext%3E0%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmtext%3EH%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmtext%3Ez%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
。
![](//tikupic.21cnjy.com/2024/03/05/77/f0/77f0bd56fd11859eb58fbb0ffdbb58a5_609x105.png)
-
(1)
关于本次实验的注意事项,下列说法正确的是____。
A . 实验中要保证砂和砂桶的质量远小于小车的质量
B . 实验时为了平衡摩擦力,需要将长木板右端适当垫高
C . 实验时应先接通打点计时器的电源再释放小车
-
(2)
正确完成实验操作后,得到的一条纸带部分如图乙所示,纸带上各点均为计时点,由此可得打点计时器打出
B点时小车的速度大小
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3Ev%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3EB%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmtext%3Em%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmtext%3E%2F%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmtext%3Es%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
, 小车的加速度大小
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3Ea%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmtext%3Em%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmtext%3E%2F%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmsup%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmtext%3Es%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmtext%3E2%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsup%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
(结果保留两位有效数字)。
-
(3)
正确完成实验操作后,改变砂和砂桶的总质量,得到多组拉力传感器示数
F和对应的小车加速度大小
a , 以
F为横轴、
a为纵轴作出
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3Ea%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%E2%88%92%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmi%3EF%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
图像,该图像的斜率为
k , 则小车的质量
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3EM%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
(用
k表示)。
-
13.
如图甲所示,滑道项目大多建设在景区具有一定坡度的山坡间,成为游客的代步工具,又可以增加游玩的趣味性。在某景区拟建一个滑道,示意图如图乙,滑道共三段,第一段是倾角比较大的加速下坡滑道
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3EA%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmi%3EB%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
, 第二段是倾角比较小的滑道
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3EB%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmi%3EC%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
, 游客在此段滑道恰好做匀速运动,第三段上坡滑道
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3EC%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmi%3ED%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
作为下客平台,使游客做匀减速运动到
D点速度减为零(乘客经过两段轨道衔接处可视作速度大小不变)。若游客从
A点由静止开始做匀加速直线运动,经过
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmtext%3E4%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmtext%3Es%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
到达
B点并达到最大速度
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmtext%3E1%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmtext%3E6%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmtext%3Em%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmtext%3E%2F%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmtext%3Es%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
, 然后进入
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3EB%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmi%3EC%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
段做匀速运动用时
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmtext%3E3%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmtext%3Es%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
, 游客在三段滑道运动的总路程为
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmtext%3E9%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmtext%3E2%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmtext%3Em%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
, 求:
![](//tikupic.21cnjy.com/2024/03/05/bd/2f/bd2fc8cc03cec9ea654e9e6d5e3e4803_475x184.png)
-
(1)
游客在
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3EA%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmi%3EB%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
段滑道匀加速直线运动的加速度
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3Ea%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
大小;
-
(2)
游客在
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3EB%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmi%3EC%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
段滑道匀速运动的距离
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3Ex%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
;
-
(3)
游客在
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3EC%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmi%3ED%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
段滑道运动过程中经过的时间
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3Et%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E3%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
。
-
14.
如图所示,放在粗糙斜面上的物块A和悬挂的物块B均处于静止状态,轻绳
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3EA%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmi%3EO%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
绕过光滑的定滑轮与轻质弹簧的右端及轻绳
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3EB%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmi%3EO%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
的上端连接于
O点,轻质弹簧中轴线沿水平方向,轻绳的
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3EO%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmi%3EC%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
段与竖直方向的夹角
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmtext%3E%CE%B8%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E5%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmsup%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E3%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmtext%3E%E2%88%98%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsup%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
, 物块B的质量为
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3Em%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmtext%3EB%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E.%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E3%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3Ek%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmtext%3Eg%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
, 弹簧的劲度系数
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3Ek%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3EN%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmn%3E%2F%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3Em%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
, 重力加速度
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3Eg%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3Em%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmn%3E%2F%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmsup%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmtext%3Es%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsup%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
,
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmn%3Es%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3Ei%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3En%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E5%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmsup%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E3%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmtext%3E%E2%88%98%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsup%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E.%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E8%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
,
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmn%3Ec%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3Eo%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3Es%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E5%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmsup%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E3%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmtext%3E%E2%88%98%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsup%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E.%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E6%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
, 求:
![](//tikupic.21cnjy.com/2024/03/05/5d/46/5d463d9e1d91f310de974b33823e502e_378x156.png)
-
(1)
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3EO%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmi%3EC%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
绳上的拉力大小;
-
-
(3)
若物块A的质量
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3Em%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmtext%3EA%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E.%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E6%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3Ek%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmtext%3Eg%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
, 斜面倾角
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmtext%3E%CE%B1%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E3%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmsup%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmtext%3E%E2%88%98%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsup%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
, 则物块A受到的摩擦力有多大?
-
15.
如图所示,某传送带与地面倾角
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmtext%3E%CE%B8%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E3%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E7%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmo%3E%C2%B0%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E++%EF%BC%8C+%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmi%3EA%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmi%3EB%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
之间距离
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3EL%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E.%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E5%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3Em%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
, 传送带以
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3Ev%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E.%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3Em%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmn%3E%2F%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3Es%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
的速率转动。质量为
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3EM%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E.%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3Ek%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmtext%3Eg%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
, 长度
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3EL%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E.%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3Em%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
的木板上表面与小物块的动摩擦因数
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmtext%3E%CE%BC%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E.%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E4%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
, 下表面与水平地面间的动摩擦因数
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmtext%3E%CE%BC%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E3%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E.%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
, 开始时长木板靠近传送带
B端并处于静止状态。现在传送带上端
A无初速地放一个质量为
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3Em%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E.%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3Ek%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmtext%3Eg%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
的小物块,它与传送带之间的动摩擦因数为
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmtext%3E%CE%BC%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E.%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E5%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
, (小物块视为质点,假设物块在滑离传送带至木板右端时速率不变,
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmn%3Es%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3Ei%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3En%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E3%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E7%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmo%3E%C2%B0%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E.%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E6%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
,
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmn%3Ec%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3Eo%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3Es%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E3%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E7%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmo%3E%C2%B0%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E.%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E8%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
,
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmtext%3Eg%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3Em%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmn%3E%2F%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmsup%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmtext%3Es%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsup%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
)。则:
![](//tikupic.21cnjy.com/2024/03/05/a1/e8/a1e8afe65c1c8809a9a80f85158bc1a9_404x166.png)
-
(1)
若传送带顺时针转动,求小物块刚从
A处下滑时
![](//tikupic.21cnjy.com/2024/03/05/a2/d5/a2d5b81801dbc31c058b6ff4087509ba_14x16.png)
加速度大小
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3Ea%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
;
-
(2)
若传送带逆时针转动,求小物块从
A滑到
B的时间
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3Et%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3EA%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmi%3EB%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
;
-
(3)
在上述第(2)问基础上,从物块滑上木板开始计时,求之后小物块运动的总时间T。