15.
一长度
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3EL%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E2.5%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3Em%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
的木板置于水平地面上,木板左端放置一小物块(视为质点),在木板右方有一竖直墙壁,木板右端与墙壁间的距离
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmi%3Ex%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E2.5%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3Em%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
, 如图甲所示。
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3Et%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
时刻开始,小物块与木板一起以共同速度向右做匀减速直线运动,直至
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmi%3Et%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3Es%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
时木板与墙壁碰撞(碰撞时间极短)。碰撞前后木板速度大小不变、方向相反,碰撞过程,小物块的速度可认为不变。已知碰撞后
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmi%3Et%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3Es%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
(1s~2s)时间内小物块的
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3Ev%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%E2%88%92%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmi%3Et%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
图线如图乙所示。碰撞后小物块先向右做匀减速直线运动到速度为零,然后向左做匀加速直线运动,这两个过程中,小物块的加速度一直不变,直到小物块和木板刚好达到相同速度,小物块恰好到达木板的右端。该过程中,木板做匀减速直线运动。求:
![](//tikupic.21cnjy.com/2022/11/25/26/a8/26a8377226c7a28ffc6daa27c5c13ea0_570x220.png)