四川省成都市第七名校2024届高三下学期二诊模拟考试英语试题

阅读理解

Home delivery meal kits have been one of the bits of the pandemic: they have enabled diners to carry on getting a taste of restaurant-quality food, while helping restaurants to stay in business, and even make you an excellent chef. Here are four of the best offering delivery in our region:

Berenjak (berenjakbazaar. com)

"The kabab kits from this London-based Iranian restaurant—which range in price from £25 to £45—are a ‘class act'," says Jay Rayner in The Observer. "My kit even included a pair of plastic gloves for me to wear while dealing with the raw meat. This is the best kind of meal kit—the cooking is fun, and the finished product is utterly delicious."

Gujarati Rasoi (gujaratirasoi. co. uk)

"I love this vegetarian restaurant," says Marina O'Loughlin in The Sunday Times. "And its meal boxes are ‘electrifyingly good' too. Family boxes for four cost £65, and I especially love the starter(£

15.50). The dishes were complicated, yet quite easy to cook."

Lyle's (lylesprovisions. com)

"This Michelin-starred London restaurant delivers its ‘exquisitely delicious' menu boxes each Friday," says Candy Clay in The Daily Telegraph. "At £140 for two, they aren' t cheap, and with multiple courses, they do take a bit of work and concentration to cook."

Santo Remedio (santoremedio. co. uk)

"Order a Remedy kit from Santo Remedio and what you will get is an incredibly generous, sharing-style Mexican feast for two," says Anna Lawson on BBC's "Good Food". "The kits come with a choice of slow-cooked meat, accompanied by all the ingredients to make your own pancake. Preparation is simple, thanks to a color-coded instruction."

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

Soon, you' re going to have to move out!" cried my neighbor upon seeing the largest tomato plant known to mankind, or at least known in my neighborhood.

One tiny 9-inch plant, bought for $ 1. 25 in the spring, has already taken over much of my rose bed, covering much of other plants, and is well on its way to the front door. 

Roses require a good deal of care, and if it weren't for the pleasure they give, it wouldn' t be worth the work. As it is, I have a garden full of sweet-smelling roses for most of the year. Bushes must be pruned (剪枝) in early spring, leaving ugly woody branches until the new growth appears a few weeks later. It was the space available in the garden that led me into planting just one little tomato plant. A big mistake.

Soil conditions made just perfect for roses turn out to be even more perfect for tomatoes. The daily watering coupled with full sun and regular fertilizing (施肥) have turned the little plant into a tall bush. The cage I placed around it as the plant grew has long disappeared under the thick leaves. 

Now the task I face in harvesting the fruit is twofold. First, I have to find the red ones among the leaves, which means I almost have to stand on my head, and once found I have to reach down and under, pick the tomatoes and withdraw (缩回) my full fist without dropping the prize so dearly won. I found two full-blown white roses completely hidden as I picked tomatoes in June. But they were weak and the leaves already yellow for lack of light. 

Here I am faced with a painful small decision: To tear up a wonderful and productive tomato plant that offers up between ten and twenty ripe sweet tomatoes each day or say goodbye to several expensive and treasured roses. Like Scarlett in Gone With the Wind, I' ll think about that tomorrow.

阅读理解

Applied Ethics

Although ethics classes are common around the world, scientists are unsure if their lessons can actually change behavior; evidence either way is weak, relying on contrived laboratory tests or sometimes unreliable self-reports. But a new study published in Cognition found that, in at least one real-world situation, a single ethics lesson may have had lasting effects.

The researchers investigated one class session's impact on eating meat. According to study co-author Eric Schwitzgebel, a philosopher at the University of California, Riverside: students' attitudes on the topic are variable and unstable, behavior is easily measurable, and ethics literature largely agrees that eating less meat is good because it reduces environmental harm and animal suffering. Half of the students in four large philosophy classes read an article on the ethics of factory-farmed meat, optionally watched an 11-minute video on the topic and joined a 50-minute discussion. The other half focused on charitable giving instead. Then, unbeknownst to the students, the researchers studied their anonymized meal-card purchases for that semester — nearly 14,000 receipts for almost 500 students. "It's an awesome data set," says Nina Strohminger, a psychologist who teaches business ethics at the University of Pennsylvania and was not involved in the study.

Schwitzgebel predicted the intervention would have no effect; he had previously found that ethics professors do not differ from other professors on a range of behaviors, including voting rates, blood donation and returning library books. But among student subjects who discussed meat ethics, meal purchases containing meat decreased from 52 to 45 percent — and this effect held steady for the study's duration of several weeks. Purchases from the other group remained at 52 percent.

"That's actually a pretty large effect for a pretty small intervention." Schwitzgebel says. Strohminger agrees: "The thing that still blows my mind is that the only thing that's different between these two cases is just that one day in class." She says she wants the effect to be real but cannot rule out some unknown confounding variable. And if real. Strohminger notes, it might be reversible by another nudge: "Easy come, easy go."

Schwitzgebel suspects the greatest impact came from social influence — classmates or teaching assistants leading the discussions may have shared their own vegetarianism, showing it as achievable or more common. Second, the video may have had an emotional impact. Least rousing, he thinks, was rational argument, although his co-authors say reason might play a bigger role. Now the researchers are probing the specific effects of teaching style, teaching assistants' eating habits and students' video exposure. Meanwhile Schwitzgebel who had predicted no effect — will be eating his words.

阅读理解

Artificial intelligence models can trick each other into disobeying their creators and providing banned instructions for making drugs, or even building a bomb, suggesting that preventing such AI "jailbreaks" is more difficult than it seems.

Many publicly available large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, have hard-coded rules that aim to prevent them from exhibiting racial or sexual discrimination, or answering questions with illegal or problematic answers — things they have learned from humans via training data. But that hasn't stopped people from finding carefully designed instructions that block these protections, known as "jailbreaks", making AI models disobey the rules.

Now, Arush Tagade at Leap Laboratories and his co-workers have found a process of jailbreaks. They found that they could simply instruct one LLM to convince other models to adopt a persona (角色), which is able to answer questions the base model has been programmed to refuse. This process is called "persona modulation (调节)".

Tagade says this approach works because much of the training data consumed by large models comes from online conversations, and the models learn to act in certain ways in response to different inputs. By having the right conversation with a model, it is possible to make it adopt a particular persona, causing it to act differently. 

There is also an idea in AI circles, one yet to be proven, that creating lots of rules for an AI to prevent it displaying unwanted behaviour can accidentally create a blueprint for a model to act that way. This potentially leaves the AI easy to be tricked into taking on an evil persona. "If you're forcing your model to be good persona, it somewhat understands what a bad persona is," says Tagade.

Yinzhen Li at Imperial College London says it is worrying how current models can be misused, but developers need to weigh such risks with the potential benefits of LLMs. "Like drugs, they also have side effects that need to be controlled," she says.

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。

How to think outside the box

Being open to dissenting（持异议的）opinions is not the only way to think outside the box. 

A break in our everyday life may provide the force needed to shift the direction of our thinking. So we can change environments.   ， for example, reorganizing our desk or taking a new route to work. However, for others , bigger changes such as a new job or a marriage are required,

A famous concept is approaching routine situations as if we met or saw them for the first time. In other words, we should look at them as if we'd never seen them.  For instance, when we brush our teeth, take a moment to look at the toothbrush as if we never laid eyes on such an object and noticed its color and shape. Think about the flavor of the toothpaste and notice how our mouth feels as we move the brush back and forth.

. The mere presence of a group of people with diverse experiences, views and backgrounds in our everyday life creates an atmosphere in which people can better respond to change. Why? Because they are key drivers of the development of new ideas and solutions.

Unlike negative emotions (情感）that cause specific reactions(for example, fear drives us to flee) ,positive emotions help us broaden our attention, explore our environment, and open ourselves to absorbing information.

. They can be those that are going well or for which we are grateful. This shifting — into — positivity process will automatically brighten our mood—and free our brain.

A. It's also helpful to seek for the difference

B. For some people, small changes might work

C. We should show respect for different cultures too

D. Some small techniques could help broaden the way we think

E. Take a few moments to think about the beautiful things in our life

F. Positive emotions play an important part in unfreezing our thinking

G. "Beginners' mind" allows us to remain open to experiences despite any knowledge we may have

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

My most extreme case of envy happened at camp this summer with a girl named Megan Martin. We 1  on the first day of archery(射箭) 2 . Most of us in my group had completely missed our 3 . Except Megan. No matter the activity, Megan was the best. And by best, I 4  beyond the best! 

5 the people who get all braggy(自夸), Megan was modest and 6 . So I felt extra terrible the way I did. Then, one day at lunch, Megan sat down next to me. And then she told me a(n) 7 riddle, I laughed heartily. And then we spent a lot of time telling 8 . Later I knew we both had five-year old twin brothers. And it wasn't the only thing we had 9 ! The more we talked, the more I realized how 10 it was that I'd been 11 energy feeling envious when I could have been building a 12 .

Megan told me that she 13 she had my creativity in telling stories. That comment 14 me. Hearing that I couldn't get over how good she was at everything, Megan 15 and suggested we invent a machine that would let people 16 skills for a little while. It was a(n) 17 idea and we spent the rest of lunch 18 the details of the invention.

It's probably impossible not to feel a tiny bit envious at least once in your life. But try to remember that you have your own 19 unique that makes you special. And I know for a fact that putting more energy into 20 thing like building friendship, and less energy into negatives thing like feeling envious, helps make for happier days all round.

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

California Governor Gavin Newsom on Friday signed legislation that makes Chinese Lunar New Year a state holiday. The move recognizes the diversity of cultures which Asian Americans have brought to California, the third  (large) state in the US.

The legislation lets any state employee take eight hours of vacation, annual leave or compensatory leave  (celebrate) Chinese New Year. 

In a  (sign) letter Newsom emphasized the diversity and cultural significance that Asian Americans represented in California and  (encourage) all Californians to participate in the festival. 

Lunar New Year is celebrated by thousands of Asian and Pacific Islander Californians at community events that illustrate state's rich cultural history and commitment to racial, religious, and cultural diversity. Many jurisdictions (辖区) in California have already made Lunar New Year an (office) school holiday.

Also on Friday, a ceremony (hold) in San Francisco's city hall to raise China's national flag in celebration of the 73rd anniversary of the (found) of the People's Republic of China.

Zhang Jianmin, China's consul general in San Francisco, raised the flag with Meron Foster, a senior officer at the San Francisco Mayor's Office of Protocol. Zhang expressed his gratitude San Francisco's "very genuine gesture of friendship" toward China, he spoke to an audience of us elected representatives, business figures and community members.

 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：

1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Out of all the people I have met, my father is the most influential in my life. He has made an impact in me through both his word and his actions.

When I was very young, my father took an interest in which I did. In addition, he taught me to work hard. Once I took part in music competition, but I had to practice playing the piano for weeks and weeks. I became discouraging, but my father sits with me each evening and helped me learn my songs well. What's more, my father has been influenced me by his example, work hard to do his best in everything.

I am thankful and I hope I can make him proud of his life.

 某中学生英文报正在开展以A Typical Day in Senior Three为题的征文活动，请你根据下面的调查表写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：

1. 日常活动描述；

2. 简单评论；

3. 你的建议。

注意：

1. 词数100左右；

2. 短文的题目已为你写好。

A Typical Day in Senior Three