第一部分阅读，第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
Calling All Science Lovers
PacSci is always seeking exceptionally talented people who believe deeply in our mission and reflect our diverse community. PacSci offers a variety of job opportunities, from entry-level positions to management roles, all with opportunities to learn, and grow.
Is this you?
·Intensely curious and motivated
·Passion for science and science education
·Team player
·Service-oriented
You might find yourself
·Interpreting exhibits
·Running planetarium(天文馆)shows
·Rowing down River Mercer Slough with summer campers
·Tending to the tropical tree leaves in our Butterfly House
·Managing details for private event sales
·Making things run smoothly behind the scenes
Benefits and bonus
·Exciting location in Seattle Center
·Easy access to public transportation(take the Monorail to work!)
·100% employer paid medical, dental, and vision benefit options
·Approximately 4 weeks of paid vacation plus 12 paid holidays annually
·Annual membership including unlimited admission and other great benefits
·Regular opportunities to learn, grow, and develop new skills across departments and projects
Each PacSci team member plays a vital role in fulfilling our mission: to stimulate curiosity in every child and fuel a passion for discovery, experimentation, and critical thinking in all of us. Join our team to help expand access to science, in the Pacific Northwest and beyond!
After the death of her nature-loving mother, Margaret Renkl tenderly placed in an antique jar the "soft white hair" left behind in her mother's hairbrush. Years passed. When it no longer carried the scent (气味) she treasured, Renkl laid the hair across a tree branch in her yard. This act was meant as a direct invitation to the birds in her yard, and it was accepted: A bird used the hair for the nest it was building.
Renkl devotes only a half-page to this story, but it conveys the beautiful interaction of human and other animal lives at the heart of The Comfort of Crows. Starting in winter and continuing through the seasonal round, Renkl brings alive in 52 chapters her love for the animals and plants in her half-acre (半英亩) yard in Tennessee and in nearby parks. Equally moving, she admits her desperation at the human-caused crisis the natural world faces, and her determination not to back off.
Her determination is more than lip service. She cures a neighborhood fox against a skin disease, with the help of a trap, a bit of bacon, and advice from an animal doctor; ensures that leaves from the trees in her yard are not gathered so that insects overwinter and hungry birds can dine there; fills a garden with milkweed in support of monarch butterflies.
With these steps, Renkl refuses to give up in the face of human-caused global warming that is changing our environment and harming other species. In these days of climate crisis, the phenomenon of ecological anxiety is real. In order to seize opportunities to help, many of us do require fuel to restore our spirits. Find that fuel in Renkl's chapters of The Comfort of Crows. The animals and plants so cherished by Renkl need us now more than ever.
Imagine that you've just finished taking a multiple-choice test, and you start to second-guess one of your answers. You have some extra time — should you stick to your first instinct (直觉) or change it? About three quarters of students are convinced that changing their answers will hurt their scores. Experience indicates that many who change answers change to the wrong answer.
Despite the lessons of experience, what does evidence say? In a review of thirty-three studies, three psychologists found that the majority of answer changes were from wrong to right. Teachers have also found that students' final exams have few eraser marks, but those who do rethink their first answers rather than sticking to them end up improving their scores. This phenomenon is known as the first instinct fallacy (谬误).
We don't just hesitate to rethink our answers. We hesitate at the very idea of rethinking. Take an experiment where hundreds of college students learned about the first instinct fallacy for example. Researchers taught them about the value of changing their minds and gave them advice on when it makes sense to do so. In their next two tests, they were still unlikely to change their answers.
Part of the problem is cognitive (认知的) laziness. Psychologists point out that we favor the comfort of firmly-held beliefs over the discomfort of doubt. Questioning ourselves makes the world more unpredictable. It requires us to admit that the facts may have changed, and that what was once right may now be wrong.
We've all heard about the popular story where a frog would immediately escape if dropped into boiling hot water, but it would stay if the water was gradually heated. However, it isn't true.
The frog will escape as soon as the water gets uncomfortably warm. It is just once we hear the story and accept it as true, we rarely bother to question it. So, it's not so much changing your answer that improves your score as considering whether you should change it.
When you eagerly dig into a long-awaited dinner, it's traditionally believed that signals from your stomach to your brain stop you eating so much. However, a research team recently discovered that it's our sense of taste that immediately pulls us back from eating food overly on a hungry day. Stimulated by the perception of flavor, a set of brain cells become active to quickly curtail food intake.
Previous studies have suggested that the food taste may control how fast we eat, but it's been impossible to study relevant brain activities during eating because brain cells that control this process are located deep in our brains, making them hard to access or record in an awake animal. New techniques developed by the team allowed for the first-ever imaging and recording of a brainstem structure critical for feeling full, called NTS, in an active mouse.
The new study found that when researchers put food directly into the mouse's stomach, brain cells called PRLH were activated by signals from the gut (消化道), in line with traditional thinking. However, when they allowed the mice to eat the food as they normally would, those signals from the gut didn't show up. Instead, the PRLH brain cells switched to a new activity pattern that was entirely controlled by signals from the mouth. "It's astonishing that these cells were activated by the perception of taste, " said researchers. "It shows that there are other components of the appetite-control system that deserves our attention. "
The PRLH-activated slowdown also makes sense in terms of timing. The taste of food allows PRLH to switch their activity in seconds. In contrast, another group of brain cells, called CGC, takes several minutes to respond to signals from the gut. The good thing is that CGC can hold back hunger for a much longer time. These two sets of brain cells interact to work together: one uses taste to slow down eating, while the other signals that you are full.
Understanding how body signals regulate appetite could improve weight-loss programs for the overweight by making use of interactions between signals from different brain cell sets.
第一部分阅读，第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
You know the scene: A child runs downstairs in pajamas to unwrap her holiday presents and sheds joyful tears as she hugs a new puppy rescued from a shelter. The music builds up, hearts double in size and faith in humanity is restored. Before taking that step, there are a few things to consider.
First is the element of surprise. The timing could be a surprise, but the animal should absolutely not be a surprise. The decision should be based on many conversations. Everyone involved should understand the long term consequences, children included.
Next, you'll choose whether to adopt from a shelter or rescue. The y are across the country flooded with lovable animals. They also offer physical locations where you can meet a lot of animals at once. On the other hand, rescues are smaller and funded by donations. They often rely on fosters to house animals.
Applications and their processing times vary and can include tasks like proving that your landlord allows pets. Check to see if applying online is possible. If you're applying in person, make sure you know what to bring.
If you're worried about the huge responsibility of choosing the pet for your child, you can wrap a leash (牵引绳)or a pet bag as the gift, and then take the future pet owner to the shelter. This step will be more meaningful and memorable than just having an animal show up at your door.
A. Now, you can welcome the lovely one with open arms.
B. Nothing is more beautiful than seeing your child smile.
C. Shelters tend to be larger and quicker to process applications.
D. Whichever you choose, apply and become approved as an adopter first.
E. While it is sweet, giving a living creature as a gift isn't a light decision.
F. Involving your child in the selection process adds to the whole experience.
G. Responsibilities can be assigned to them even before their new pet arrives.
第三部分语言运用，第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
City walk gains popularity among young Chinese. Different from the fast-paced "special forces style" (特种部队式) tourism, city walk is 1 and not very purposeful.
To a certain extent, "special forces style" tourism is just a(n) 2 of regular travel, where young people spend 24 hours in a city with the same travel guides and check-in list. By comparison, city walk allows people to explore a city 3 without deliberately joining the 4 at popular tourist spots or waiting in 5 lines outside popular restaurants for hours. People 6 the past and present of a city as a local resident. After all, time is not 7 and the need for travel is not so pressing any more.
While "special forces style" tourists 8 fast pace and purposefulness, city walkers are completely slow and free. What really matters is 9 wandering. People expect that a trip frees themselves from high 10 and repetitive daily life. Since such words as leisure, 11 and purposelessness are associated with city walk, it seems not difficult to understand why young people are 12 about it.
When we were children in school, 45 minutes of class was worth a 10 minute 13 . As we have 14 and started working hard, we always want to 15 freedom in life during free time. City walk is a path where we can freely choose, plan, and explore.
第三部分语言运用，第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
It's a race against time. Generations of cultural heritage conservators at the Dunhuang Academy worked hard (preserve)the artistic charm of the Mogao Caves, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, despite erosion (侵蚀) by sand and wind.
Over the past three decades, the team members (restore) the 45, 000 square meters of murals (壁画) and more than 2, 400 painted sculptures of the 735 caves of the site, the construction of lasts for about a thousand years "Our work, repairing murals and painted sculptures, (be) to promote the great Dunhuang spirit of inclusiveness to the world and inspires modern people, " says Su Bomin, director of the Dunhuang Academy.
The restorers should respect the original work while (repair) it. When they find some parts of murals missing or fading away, they never repaint them to create "perfect" appearance in restoration "Cultural relics are (witness)of history, " explains Su "When you seek the so called perfect look artistic reasons, you will lose their key meaning. "
Cave conservation is about solving problems (continuous) It is a long term process, over a much (wide) time span that goes beyond our lifetimes. But at least, they can keep the current look of the murals for as long as possible.
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Editor,
I'm Li Hua, a student from Class 9.
Yours
Li Hua
第四部分写作第二节(满分25分)
It was a Saturday. Whether it was sunny or cloudy, hot or cold, I cannot remember, but I do remember it was a Saturday because the mall was full of people.
I was with my mom. It is easy to miss her in a crowd simply because she is so ordinary. On that day we walked casually, taking quick looks at the store windows because we both knew we wouldn't be buying much, like always.
I remember I was looking up at the people passing by — at first uninterestedly, but then more carefully. Ladies wore bright and elegant clothing. They had no wrinkles (皱纹) on their faces ——wiped away with expensive creams. An uneasy feeling started to settle in my chest. I tried to push it out, but failed. It got more unbearable with every second until I could deny it no longer: I was ashamed of my mother.
We were in a high-class neighborhood, living in a small, expensive apartment building that Mom chose to move to because she knew the schools were good. We were in a high-class neighborhood, but as I observed the passers-by and then turned my eyes on Mom, I realized for the first time that we didn't belong there. I could see the wrinkles around Mom's eyes and mouth, because she didn't use any creams. She dressed in cheap, worn-out clothes. Her eyes were tired from working long hours to make a living and her hair too grey for her age.
I looked at her, feeling ashamed. My mom is nothing extraordinary, yet at that moment she stood out because she was just so plain. Telling her to wait for me around the corner, I hurried away to the bathroom and didn't want to be seen with her. On the way to the bathroom, my eyes couldn't help falling on beautiful dresses. Each dress seemed like a work of art with delicate patterns. However, my heart sank as I knew they were far beyond my reach, further reducing my desire to return.
注意：1. 续写词数应为 150 左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When I finally went back unwillingly, I found that Mom wasn't there.
Mom stood in a fancy store, holding a girl's dress that looked much too expensive.
